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Python

Readable, batteries-included, and the default language of AI.

Paradigm

Multi-paradigm, OOP, functional

Typing

Dynamic, strong, optional type hints

Memory

Reference counting + cycle GC

Runs

CPython bytecode interpreter

Concurrency

asyncio, threads (GIL), multiprocessing

Basics

The concepts you need before patterns make sense in Python.

CPython compiles .py files to bytecode and interprets it. Everything, including functions and classes, is an object.

print("Hello, patterns!")

Types are checked at runtime; annotations (def f(x: int) -> str) are checked by tools like mypy or pyright, not by the interpreter.

list, tuple, dict and set cover most needs; comprehensions build them concisely.

yield produces values lazily, so pipelines can process large data with little memory.

Isolate dependencies per project with venv (or uv / Poetry) and install from PyPI with pip.

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